In a study conducted by Fletcher et al. In a study conducted on women with bulimia nervosa in which impulsive behavior patterns were observed, it was determined that there was a decrease in 5HT2A binding in ventral PFC [ 51 ]. The decrease in central serotonergic activity was associated with negative emotional state, poor impulse control, aggressive behavior, increased alcohol and nicotine use, and increased food consumption [ 52 ].
The tryptophan depletion method reduces the amount of serotonin throughout the brain. In a study conducted with this method, the relationship between impulse serotonin in humans was examined and an increase in premature response was detected. By this means, it has been concluded that central serotonin levels are related to waiting impulsivity rather than stopping impulsivity. Serotonergic hypofunction has been found to be associated with impulsive aggression in aggression subtypes [ 5 ].
It has been known that polymorphism of metabolic enzymes, carrier proteins, and receptors on the serotonergic system is associated with an increased aggressive behavior pattern [ 55 ].
The essential role of serotonin in the etiopathogenesis of impulsive aggression has been determined by brain imaging studies showing an increase in 5HT2A receptor concentration in orbital PFC in aggressive individuals, tryptophan depletion studies, molecular genetic studies that showed individuals who have monoamine oxidase a gene polymorphisms and have early stressful life events lean to aggression and violence at early adulthood period [ 38 , 56 — 59 ].
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs are generally recommended in the treatment of impulsive aggression. However, it should be kept in mind that special approaches are needed in special patient groups.
For example, SSRIs have been found to be effective in the treatment of aggression in dementia patients and ineffective in patients with traumatic brain injury [ 27 ]. SSRIs are generally recommended in the treatment of impulsive aggression [ 27 ]. In this chapter, it has been argued the relationship between serotonin, one of the basic neurotransmitters, with the two endophenotypes—impulsivity and aggression—in the face of many psychiatric disorder.
There is a consensus in the literature that the problems of the subunits of the serotonergic system result with impulsivity and aggression. Nowadays, researchers have elaborated this information and have identified impulsivity and aggression as subtypes.
More clinical studies are needed on this issue in which genetic and neuroimaging techniques are combined in homogeneous samples that are well defined by subtypes. Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3. Help us write another book on this subject and reach those readers. Login to your personal dashboard for more detailed statistics on your publications. Edited by Kaneez Fatima Shad.
We are IntechOpen, the world's leading publisher of Open Access books. Built by scientists, for scientists. Our readership spans scientists, professors, researchers, librarians, and students, as well as business professionals. Downloaded: Abstract Serotonin is a neuromodulator that has a critical role on the regulation of essential events in neuronal and glial development, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and synaptogenesis, and acts as a developmental signal.
Keywords serotonin aggression impulsivity impulsive aggression psychiatric disorders. Introduction Serotonin is a neuromodulator that acts as a developmental signal [ 1 ]. More Print chapter. How to cite and reference Link to this chapter Copy to clipboard. Available from:. Low levels of serotonin in the brain may cause depression, anxiety, and sleep trouble.
Many doctors will prescribe a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor SSRI to treat depression. SSRIs increase the levels of serotonin in the brain by blocking reabsorption of the chemical, so more of it remains active. Mixing drugs may put you at risk of serotonin syndrome. Outside of SSRIs, the following factors can boost serotonin levels, according to a paper published in the Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience :.
Drugs that cause your serotonin levels to climb and collect in your body can lead to serotonin syndrome. The syndrome can typically occur after you start taking a new drug or increase the dosage of an existing medication. Instead, your doctor will perform a physical exam to determine if you have it.
Serotonin affects every part of your body. Sometimes, a serotonin imbalance can mean something more serious. Here are 7 serotonin-boosting foods including turkey and cheese. Learn more…. There are several health benefits of sunlight. Adding a little sunshine to…. Being active and exercising regularly is beneficial to most people, but especially those with MDD.
These motivating reasons are bound to provide the…. Alcohol is a sedative and a depressant that affects the central nervous system. Drinking can help you relax, but it can also make you feel anxious. SSRIs are a type of antidepressant medication. Learn about these commonly prescribed drugs, including side effects, how they work, and examples. If you're wondering about your options for AFib medications, consult our explanatory list of AFib drugs to help yourself control your condition.
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Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Mental Health. Serotonin: What You Need to Know. What makes the serotonergic system particularly fascinating for scientists is that it does not seem to have direct control over anything, yet at the same time it is involved in a vast range of behaviors, many of which are basic biological responses to the changes and challenges of the environment.
This complexity presents a serious challenge for developing any drugs targeting psychopathologies linked to altered behavior: by targeting one part of the system we can often inadvertently change lots of other things.
This reflects the fact that various aspects of our behavior are closely linked on the basic level of brain structure. Genetics of the serotonergic system in suicidal behavior. Journal of psychiatric research, 37 5 , PMID: Family genetic studies, suicide, and suicidal behavior. American journal of medical genetics. Goodman N The serotonergic system and mysticism: could LSD and the nondrug-induced mystical experience share common neural mechanisms?
Journal of psychoactive drugs, 34 3 , PMID: Serotonin, violent behavior and alcohol. A serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism 5-HTTLPR and prefrontal cortical binding in major depression and suicide. Archives of general psychiatry, 57 8 , PMID: This Sunday February 14th 9 p. ET , the Emmy-nominated Brain Games tv-show is back! Wonder junkie Jason Silva returns to our screens, teaming up with Like what you read? BioPsychoSocial Health. Share This Article. Further Reading. Viatcheslav Wlassoff, PhD Viatcheslav Wlassoff, PhD, is a scientific and medical consultant with experience in pharmaceutical and genetic research.
He has an extensive publication history on various topics related to medical sciences. Wlassoff runs consulting service specialized on preparation of scientific publications, medical and scientific writing and editing Scientific Biomedical Consulting Services.
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